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The future perfect tense

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Mahmood Ahmad avatar
Mahmood Ahmad

یہ tense ایسے کاموں کو ظاہر کرنے کے لیے استعمال کرتے ہیں جو future میں کسی دیے ہوئے لمحے میں مکمل ہو چکے ہوں گے۔ دوسرے الفاظ میں ہم یوں کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ دیا گیا کام future میں past بن چکا ہو گا۔

future perfect tense کو ہم timeline پر یوں ظاہر کر سکتے ہیں:

اس tense کے اردو sentences کا اختتام عموماً مندرجہ ذیل حروف و الفاظ پر ہوتا ہے:

● چکا ہوں گا، چکی ہوں گی، چکے ہوں گے، چکا ہو گا، چکی ہو گی۔

● ا ہو گا، ی ہو گی، یے ہوں گے۔

● اس tense کے affirmative sentences کی structure عموماً یوں ہوتی ہے:

Subject + will/shall + have + past participle verb form + object (+adverb).

یعنی اس tense میں will/shall have کے ساتھ past participle form of verb استعمال ہو گی۔ اس tense میں عموماً by + future time استعمال  کرتے ہیں، مثلاً  by then, by that time, by the 24th وغیرہ۔

She will have saved Rs. 50,000 by March.وہ مارچ تک پچاس ہزار جمع کر چکی ہو گی۔
They will have slept by 10.دس بجے تک وہ سو چکے ہوں گے۔
He will have written his next novel by June.جون تک وہ اپنا اگلا ناول لکھ چکا ہو گا۔
جون تک اس نے اپنا اگلا ناول لکھ لیا ہو گا۔
They will have left the country before you go to see them.آپ کے انہیں ملنے جانے سے پہلے وہ ملک چھوڑ چکے ہوں گے۔

● اس tense کے negative sentences میں will/shall کے بعد not استعمال کرتے ہیں، مثلاً

He will not have finished his homework till tomorrow.کل تک اس نے اپنا گھر میں کرنے کا کام ختم نہیں کیا ہو گا۔
She will not have visited Paris by the end of the next year.اگلے سال کے اختتام تک اس نے پیرس نہیں دیکھا ہو گا۔
They will not have written their essay by tomorrow.کل تک انہوں نے اپنا مضمون نہیں لکھا ہو گا۔

● اس tense کے interrogative sentences کا آغاز will/shall سے کرتے ہیں۔ عموماً sentence structure اس طرح ہوتی ہے:

Will/Shall + subject + have + past participle verb form + object (+adverb)?

Will he have packed the suitcase by tomorrow?کیا وہ کل تک سوٹ کیس پیک کر چکا ہو گا؟
Will the police have arrested the driver?کیا پولیس نے ڈرائیور کو گرفتار کر لیا ہو گا؟
Will you have finished reading this book next week?کیا اگلے ہفتے تم نے یہ کتاب پڑھ کر ختم کر لی ہو گی؟

● اس tense میں مندرجہ ذیل contractions استعمال ہوتی ہیں:

’ll = will/shall

won’t /wəʊnt/  = will not

shan’t = shall not

Exercise

Change the following sentences to negative and interrogative.

  1. It will have stopped raining by evening.
  2. You will have broken all the glasses by the end of the month.
  3. They will have left Japan next Sunday.
  4. We will have learnt Chinese by the next year.
  5. I will have read Hamlet 3 times by the end of the month.
  6. 50,000 people will have participated in the exhibition by tomorrow.
  7. You will have lost 10kg weight by the next month.
  8. Ayesha will have repaired her bike next week.
  9. I will have finished this by 6 o’clock.
  10. Zain will have managed the teams.

Answers to the exercise

  1. It will not have stopped raining by evening.
    Will it have stopped raining by evening?
  2. You will not have broken all the glasses by the end of the month.
    Will you have broken all the glasses by the end of the month?
  3. They will not have left Japan next Sunday.
    Will they have left Japan next Sunday?
  4. We will not have learnt Chinese by the next year.
    Will we have learnt Chinese by the next year?
  5. I will not have read Hamlet 3 times by the end of the month.
    Will I have read Hamlet 3 times by the end of the month?
  6. 50,000 people will not have participated in the exhibition by tomorrow.
    Will 50,000 people have participated in the exhibition by tomorrow?
  7. You will have not lost 10kg weight by the next month.
    Will you have lost 10kg weight by the next month?
  8. Ayesha will not have repaired her bike next week.
    Will Ayesha have repaired her bike next week?
  9. I will not have finished this by 6 o’clock.
    Will I have finished this by 6 o’clock?
  10. Zain will not have managed the teams.
    Will Zain have managed the teams?

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