Anna McKenzie
Q. What does hunger mean on a large scale as viewed by the author?
A. Hunger does not mean missing one meal or even meals for a whole day only. It also means a situation in which you are always wondering where the next meal is coming from or even if there will be a next meal.
Q. Describe some great famines of the past.
A. During the reign of a pharaoh, Egypt went under famine for seven years. The same happened during the time of Joseph. From Christ’s birth to 1800, England suffered from a major famine every ten years. Nine and a half million people perished in a single famine which swept North China in the last century. The Russian famine in 1921-22 killed several million people. Ten million died in the great famine of Bengal in 1969-70. In 1942 in Bombay, one million starved to death. In India in 1964-65 there was the worst famine of the century.
Q. How do famines occur?
A. Famines occur for many reasons, for example over-population, failure of crops due to disease or lack of rain.
Q. What is the main reason for population increase today?
A. The main reason for population increase is that more people are born each year than die. This difference between the birth rate and the death rate is crucial.
Q. What is meant by birth rate and death rate, and how do they affect the population of a country?
A. The number of births per 1,000 population is called the birth rate. The number of deaths per 1,000 population is called the death rate. The population of a country increases if the birth rate is greater than the death rate.
Q. What have public health measures to do with the increase in population?
A. Public health measures cure diseases and epidemics and reduce the mortality rate that increases population.
Q. Account for the high birth rate in underdeveloped countries.
A. A high birth rate in underdeveloped countries results in poverty, an increase in the number of beggars on streets, and inadequate supplies of power and light.
Q. Why is the birth rate not so high in the more advanced countries?
A. In the more advanced countries, the birth rate is not so high because people take care to limit the size of the family.
Q. Give a brief account of the poor conditions prevailing in underdeveloped countries.
A. In an underdeveloped country, the masses are poor and there are so many beggars in the streets. It is a country lacking factories of its own, usually with inadequate supplies of power and light. It usually has fewer and poor roads and railways. Hospitals, and schools and colleges are few and far between.
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